The evolution toward highly automated air traffic management systems brings some regulatory, operational, and human factors challenges that need to be addressed. Critical gaps include the unpredictability of automation behaviour, regulatory uncertainty for levels 3–4 autonomy, weak integration of military aviation needs, and the absence of standardised human performance and safety metrics. 

The EHRA project aims to deliver a validated, regulator-ready methodology for assessing the human–automation interface in both civil and military ATM contexts. By combining regulatory and interoperability analysis with model-based, simulation-validated use-case experimentation, EHRA will provide a robust evidence base to support higher levels of automation. The ambition is to establish a repeatable, multidisciplinary framework that bridges research and regulation, enables evidence-based decision-making, ensures civil–military interoperability, and prepares regulation for both deterministic and AI-based automation technologies.